Fim ɗin haɗe-haɗe na filastik abu ne da aka saba amfani da shi don marufi mai juriya. Maimaitawa da haifuwar zafi shine muhimmin tsari don tattara kayan abinci mai zafi mai zafi. Duk da haka, abubuwan da ke cikin jiki na fina-finai masu haɗaka da filastik suna da haɗari ga lalatawar zafi bayan an yi zafi, yana haifar da kayan marufi marasa cancanta. Wannan labarin yana nazarin matsalolin gama gari bayan dafa jakunkuna masu zafi mai zafi, kuma yana gabatar da hanyoyin gwajin aikinsu na zahiri, suna fatan samun mahimmancin jagora ga ainihin samarwa.
Jakunkuna na jujjuya zafin jiki wani nau'i ne na marufi da aka saba amfani da shi don nama, kayan waken soya da sauran kayan abinci da aka shirya. Gabaɗaya ana cushe shi kuma ana iya adana shi a cikin ɗaki da zafin jiki bayan an zafi kuma an haifuwa a babban zafin jiki (100 ~ 135 ° C). Kunshin abinci mai jure juriya yana da sauƙin ɗauka, yana shirye ya ci bayan buɗe jakar, yana da tsabta da dacewa, kuma yana iya kula da ɗanɗanon abincin da kyau, don haka masu amfani suna son shi sosai. Dangane da tsarin haifuwa da kayan marufi, rayuwar shiryayye na samfuran marufi masu jure juriya daga rabin shekara zuwa shekaru biyu.
Tsarin marufi na mayar da abinci shine yin jakunkuna, jakunkuna, share fage, rufewar zafi, dubawa, dafa abinci da dumama haifuwa, bushewa da sanyaya, da marufi. Dafa abinci da dumama haifuwa shine babban tsari na gabaɗayan tsari. Duk da haka, lokacin da aka yi amfani da buhunan kayan da aka yi da kayan polymer - robobi, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ƙaruwa bayan da aka yi zafi, kuma abubuwan da ke cikin jiki na kayan suna da haɗari ga haɓakar thermal. Wannan labarin yana nazarin matsalolin gama gari bayan dafa jakunkuna masu zafi mai zafi, da gabatar da hanyoyin gwajin aikinsu na zahiri.
1. Binciken matsalolin gama gari tare da jakunkuna masu jure juriya
Ana tattara abinci mai zafin jiki mai zafi sannan a dumama tare da haifuwa tare da kayan tattarawa. Don cimma manyan kaddarorin jiki da kyawawan kaddarorin shinge, an yi marufi mai juriya da juriya da kayan tushe iri-iri. Abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da PA, PET, AL da CPP. Tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi yana da nau'i biyu na fina-finai masu haɗaka, tare da misalai masu zuwa (BOPA / CPP , PET / CPP), fim din mai launi uku (irin su PA / AL / CPP, PET / PA / CPP) da kuma fim din mai launi hudu. (kamar PET/PA/AL/CPP). A haƙiƙanin samarwa, mafi yawan matsalolin ingancin su ne wrinkles, karyewar jakunkuna, zubar iska da wari bayan dafa abinci:
1). Gabaɗaya akwai nau'ikan wrinkling guda uku a cikin buhunan marufi: a kwance ko a tsaye ko na yau da kullun akan kayan tushe na marufi; wrinkles da fasa a kan kowane nau'i na nau'i mai nau'i da rashin kwanciyar hankali; raguwa na kayan tushe na marufi, da kuma raguwar maɗauran nau'i na nau'i na nau'i na nau'i na nau'i na nau'i daban-daban, masu rarrafe. An raba jakunkunan da suka karye zuwa nau'i biyu: fashe kai tsaye da wrinkling sannan fashe.
2) .Delamination yana nufin abin da ya faru da cewa an raba nau'o'in nau'in kayan tattarawa da juna. Ana bayyana ɗanɗano kaɗan a matsayin kumburi-kamar ɗigon ruwa a cikin sassan da aka danne na marufi, kuma ƙarfin bawon yana raguwa, har ma ana iya tsage shi da hannu a hankali. A cikin lokuta masu tsanani, an raba Layer composite na marufi a cikin babban yanki bayan dafa abinci. Idan delamination ya faru, haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar abubuwan da ke cikin jiki tsakanin nau'ikan yadudduka na kayan marufi za su ɓace, kuma kaddarorin jiki da kaddarorin shinge za su ragu sosai, yana sa ba zai yiwu a cika buƙatun rayuwar shiryayye ba, galibi yana haifar da hasara ga kamfani. .
3) Yayyan iska gabaɗaya yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin shiryawa kuma ba shi da sauƙin ganewa yayin dafa abinci. A lokacin zagayawa samfurin da lokacin ajiya, ƙimar injin yana raguwa kuma a fili iska ta bayyana a cikin marufi. Sabili da haka, wannan matsalar ingancin sau da yawa ya ƙunshi babban adadin samfuran. samfurori suna da tasiri mafi girma. Faruwar yoyon iska yana da alaƙa da ƙarancin rufewar zafi da rashin juriyar huda jakar mai da martani.
4). Wari bayan dafa abinci shima matsala ce ta gama gari. Wani ƙamshi na musamman da ke bayyana bayan dafa abinci yana da alaƙa da ragowar ƙarfi da yawa a cikin kayan marufi ko zaɓin kayan da bai dace ba. Idan an yi amfani da fim ɗin PE azaman rufin rufewar ciki na jakunkunan dafa abinci masu zafi sama da 120 °, fim ɗin PE yana da saurin wari a yanayin zafi. Don haka, RCPP gabaɗaya an zaɓi shi azaman babban Layer na jakunkuna masu zafi masu zafi.
2. Hanyoyin gwaji don kaddarorin jiki na marufi mai jurewa
Abubuwan da ke haifar da ingantattun matsalolin marufi masu juriya suna da rikitarwa kuma sun haɗa da abubuwa da yawa kamar kayan albarkatun ƙasa mai haɗaka, adhesives, tawada, hadawa da sarrafa jakunkuna, da sarrafa tsari. Don tabbatar da ingancin marufi da rayuwar shiryayyen abinci, wajibi ne a gudanar da gwaje-gwajen juriya na dafa abinci akan kayan marufi.
Matsayin ƙasa wanda ya dace da jakunkuna masu juriya mai juriya shine GB/T10004-2008 "Fim ɗin Haɗaɗɗen Filastik don Marufi, Busassun Bag, Lamination na Extrusion", wanda ya dogara da JIS Z 1707-1997 "Gaba ɗaya Ka'idodin Fina-Finan Fina-Finan don Marufin Abinci" An tsara don maye gurbin GB/T 10004-1998 “Retort Resistant Composite Films da Jakunkuna" da GB/T10005-1998 "Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene Film / Low Density Polyethylene Composite Films and Bags". GB/T 10004-2008 ya haɗa da kaddarorin jiki daban-daban da alamun ragowar ƙarfi don fina-finai da jakunkuna masu jure juriya, kuma suna buƙatar jakunkunan marufi masu juriya da za a gwada don juriya mai zafi mai zafi. Hanyar ita ce cika jakunkuna masu jure juriya tare da 4% acetic acid, 1% sodium sulfide, 5% sodium chloride da man kayan lambu, sannan shaye da hatimi, zafi da matsawa a cikin tukunyar dafa abinci mai ƙarfi a 121 ° C Minti 40, kuma yayi sanyi yayin da matsin lamba ya kasance baya canzawa. Sannan ana gwada kamanninsa, ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa, tsayin daka, ƙarfin bawo da ƙarfin rufewar zafi, kuma ana amfani da ƙimar raguwa don kimanta shi. Tsarin tsari shine kamar haka:
R=(AB)/A×100
A cikin dabarar, R shine raguwar ƙima (%) na abubuwan da aka gwada, A shine matsakaicin ƙimar abubuwan da aka gwada kafin gwajin matsakaici mai tsayin zafi; B shine matsakaicin ƙimar abubuwan da aka gwada bayan gwajin matsakaici mai tsayin zafi. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na aikin sune: "Bayan gwajin juriya na zafin jiki mai zafi, samfuran da ke da zafin sabis na 80 ° C ko sama bai kamata su kasance da delamination, lalacewa, nakasar zahiri a ciki ko wajen jakar ba, da raguwar kwasfa, ja- kashe ƙarfi, rashin ƙarfi na ƙima a lokacin hutu, da ƙarfin rufewar zafi. Matsakaicin ya kamata ya zama ≤30%.
3. Gwajin kaddarorin jiki na jakunkuna masu jure juriya
Haƙiƙanin gwajin da ke kan injin na iya gano ainihin aikin marufi mai jure juriya. Duk da haka, wannan hanya ba kawai cin lokaci ba ne, amma kuma yana iyakance ta tsarin samarwa da adadin gwaje-gwaje. Yana da ƙarancin aiki, babban sharar gida, da tsada mai tsada. Ta hanyar gwajin mayar da martani don gano kaddarorin jiki kamar kaddarorin juzu'i, ƙarfin kwasfa, ƙarfin hatimin zafi kafin da kuma bayan mayar da martani, ana iya tantance ingancin juriya na jakan mai da martani gabaɗaya. Gwajin dafa abinci gabaɗaya suna amfani da nau'ikan ainihin abun ciki guda biyu da kayan kwaikwayi. Gwajin dafa abinci ta amfani da ainihin abin da ke ciki na iya zama kusa da yiwuwar yanayin samarwa na ainihi kuma yana iya hana fakitin da ba su cancanta ba daga shigar da layin samarwa a cikin batches. Don masana'antun kayan aiki, ana amfani da simulants don gwada juriya na kayan aiki yayin aikin samarwa da kuma kafin ajiya. Gwajin aikin dafa abinci ya fi dacewa da aiki. Marubucin ya gabatar da hanyar gwajin aikin jiki na jakunkuna masu jure juriya ta hanyar cika su da ruwan kwaikwaiyo na abinci daga masana'antun masana'antu daban-daban guda uku da gudanar da gwaje-gwajen tafasa da tafasa bi da bi. Tsarin gwajin shine kamar haka:
1). Gwajin dafa abinci
Kayan aiki: Safe da hankali na baya-matsi mai zafi tukunyar dafa abinci, HST-H3 mai gwajin hatimin zafi
Matakan Gwaji: A hankali sanya 4% acetic acid a cikin jakar maimaitawa zuwa kashi biyu bisa uku na ƙarar. Yi hankali kada ka gurbata hatimin, don kada ya shafi saurin rufewa. Bayan cika, rufe buhunan dafa abinci da HST-H3, kuma shirya jimillar samfuran 12. Lokacin rufewa, iskan da ke cikin jakar ya kamata ya ƙare kamar yadda zai yiwu don hana haɓaka iska yayin dafa abinci daga shafar sakamakon gwajin.
Sanya samfurin da aka rufe a cikin tukunyar dafa abinci don fara gwajin. Saita yawan zafin jiki na dafa abinci zuwa 121 ° C, lokacin dafa abinci zuwa minti 40, tururi 6 samfurori, da tafasa samfurori 6. A lokacin gwajin dafa abinci, kula sosai ga canje-canjen iska da zafin jiki a cikin tukunyar dafa abinci don tabbatar da cewa ana kiyaye zafin jiki da matsa lamba a cikin kewayon da aka saita.
Bayan an gama gwajin sai a sanyaya zuwa dakin da zafin jiki, fitar da shi sannan a duba ko akwai karyayyun jakunkuna, gyale, gogewa da sauransu. delamination. Samfurin 3# ba shi da santsi sosai bayan an dafa shi, kuma gefuna sun karkata zuwa digiri daban-daban.
2). Kwatanta kaddarorin masu ƙarfi
Ɗauki jakar marufi kafin da bayan dafa abinci, yanke samfuran rectangular 5 na 15mm × 150mm a cikin madaidaiciyar shugabanci da 150mm a cikin madaidaiciyar hanya, kuma yanayin su don 4 hours a cikin yanayin 23 ± 2 ℃ da 50 ± 10% RH. XLW (PC) na'urar gwajin gwaji ta lantarki mai hankali an yi amfani da ita don gwada ƙarfin karya da haɓakawa a hutu a ƙarƙashin yanayin 200mm / min.
3). Gwajin kwasfa
Dangane da hanyar A na GB 8808-1988 "Hanyar Gwajin Kwasfa don Kayan Aikin Filastik Haɗaɗɗen Ruɗi", yanke samfurin tare da nisa na 15 ± 0.1mm da tsayin 150mm. Ɗauki samfura guda 5 kowanne a kwance da kwatance. Pre-peel da composite Layer tare da tsawon shugabanci na samfurin, ɗora shi a cikin XLW (PC) mai fasaha na lantarki gwajin inji, da kuma gwada peeling ƙarfi a 300mm/min.
4). Gwajin ƙarfin rufe zafi
A cewar GB / T 2358-1998 "Hanyar Gwaji don Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Fim ɗin Fim", yanke samfurin 15mm mai faɗi a ɓangaren rufewar zafi na samfurin, buɗe shi a 180 °, kuma danna duka ƙarshen samfurin akan. da XLW (PC) mai hankali A kan na'urar gwajin tensile na lantarki, ana gwada matsakaicin nauyin a cikin gudun 300mm / min, kuma Ana ƙididdige ƙimar raguwa ta amfani da dabarar dielectric juriya mai zafi a cikin GB/T 10004-2008.
Takaita
Abubuwan abinci masu juriya da juriya suna ƙara samun tagomashi daga masu siye saboda dacewarsu wajen ci da ajiya. Domin kiyaye ingancin abubuwan da ke ciki yadda ya kamata da hana abinci lalacewa, kowane mataki na aikin samar da jakar mai zafi yana buƙatar kulawa sosai kuma a sarrafa shi cikin dacewa.
1. Ya kamata a yi buhunan dafa abinci mai zafi mai zafi da kayan da suka dace dangane da abun ciki da tsarin samarwa. Misali, CPP gabaɗaya an zaɓi shi azaman rufin rufewa na ciki na jakunkuna masu jure yanayin zafi; lokacin da aka yi amfani da buhunan buhunan da ke ɗauke da nau'in AL don ɗaukar acid da abubuwan da ke cikin alkaline, ya kamata a ƙara wani yanki mai haɗaka na PA tsakanin AL da CPP don haɓaka juriya ga ƙarancin acid da alkali; kowane nau'i na hadewar zafin zafi ya kamata ya kasance daidai ko kama da haka don guje wa warping ko ma lalata kayan bayan dafa abinci saboda rashin daidaituwa na kaddarorin zafi.
2. Mai da hankali kan sarrafa tsari mai hadewa. Jakunkuna masu jure zafin zafi galibi suna amfani da hanyar hada bushewa. A cikin tsarin samar da fim ɗin retort, ya zama dole don zaɓar manne mai dacewa da tsarin gluing mai kyau, kuma a hankali sarrafa yanayin warkewa don tabbatar da cewa babban wakili na mannewa da wakili na warkewa sun amsa cikakke.
3. Matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici shine mafi girman tsari a cikin tsarin marufi na manyan jakunkuna masu juyawa. Domin rage faruwar matsalolin ingancin tsari, dole ne a gwada jakunkuna masu zafi masu zafi da kuma bincika bisa ainihin yanayin samarwa kafin amfani da lokacin samarwa. Bincika ko bayyanar fakitin bayan dafa abinci lebur ne, murƙushe, blister, maras kyau, ko akwai lalata ko ɗigowa, ko raguwar kaddarorin jiki (kayan tanƙwara, ƙarfin kwasfa, ƙarfin rufe zafi) ya cika buƙatu, da sauransu.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-18-2024
