Filimu yophatikizika ya pulasitiki ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupakira osamva. Retort ndi kutsekereza kutentha ndi njira yofunikira pakulongedza chakudya chotentha kwambiri. Komabe, mawonekedwe amtundu wa mafilimu opangidwa ndi pulasitiki amatha kuwola chifukwa cha kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zida zonyamula zosayenera. Nkhaniyi ikuwunikira mavuto omwe anthu ambiri amakumana nawo mukaphika matumba otenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, ndikuyambitsa njira zawo zoyezera magwiridwe antchito, ndikuyembekeza kukhala ndi tanthauzo lowongolera pakupanga kwenikweni.
Zikwama zonyamula zosagwira kutentha kwambiri ndi njira yoyikamo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyama, soya ndi zakudya zina zokonzekera chakudya. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi vacuum yodzaza ndipo imatha kusungidwa kutentha kwa firiji ikatenthedwa ndi kutsekedwa pa kutentha kwakukulu (100 ~ 135 ° C). Chakudya chapaketi chopanda kubweza ndi chosavuta kunyamula, chokonzeka kudya mukatsegula chikwamacho, chaukhondo komanso chosavuta, ndipo chimatha kusunga kukoma kwa chakudyacho, chifukwa chake chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi ogula. Kutengera njira yoletsa kutsekereza ndi zida zoyika, nthawi ya alumali yazinthu zosagwira ma CD zosagwirizana ndi theka la chaka mpaka zaka ziwiri.
Njira yopakira chakudya chobweza ndi kupanga matumba, matumba, kupukuta, kusindikiza kutentha, kuyang'ana, kuphika ndi kutenthetsa kutenthetsa, kuyanika ndi kuziziritsa, ndikuyika. Kuphika ndi kutenthetsa kusungunula ndiye njira yaikulu ya ndondomeko yonse. Komabe, ponyamula matumba opangidwa ndi zinthu za polima - mapulasitiki, kusuntha kwa ma molekyulu kumakulirakulira pambuyo potenthedwa, ndipo mawonekedwe akuthupi azinthuzo amatha kutenthetsa kutentha. Nkhaniyi ikuwunika zovuta zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri mukaphika matumba otenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, ndikuwonetsa njira zawo zoyezera magwiridwe antchito.
1. Kuwunika kwamavuto omwe amapezeka ndi matumba onyamula osamva
Chakudya chotenthetsera kwambiri chimayikidwa mmatumba ndikutenthedwa ndi kutsekedwa pamodzi ndi zida zoyikamo. Pofuna kukwaniritsa katundu wapamwamba wakuthupi ndi katundu wabwino wotchinga, ma CD osagwirizana ndi retort amapangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo PA, PET, AL ndi CPP. Zomangamanga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za mafilimu ophatikizika, okhala ndi zitsanzo zotsatirazi (BOPA/CPP, PET/CPP), filimu yamagulu atatu (monga PA/AL/CPP, PET/PA/CPP) ndi filimu yokhala ndi zigawo zinayi. (monga PET/PA/AL/CPP). Pakupanga kwenikweni, mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi makwinya, matumba osweka, kutulutsa mpweya ndi fungo mukaphika:
1). Pali mitundu itatu ya makwinya m'matumba olongedza: makwinya opingasa kapena ofukula kapena osakhazikika pamakwinya apansi; makwinya ndi ming'alu pa gulu lililonse wosanjikiza ndi osauka flatness; shrinkage wa ma CD m'munsi zakuthupi, ndi shrinkage wa gulu wosanjikiza ndi zina gulu zigawo Osiyana, mizeremizere. Matumba osweka amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kuphulika kwachindunji ndi makwinya kenako kuphulika.
2) .Delamination imatanthawuza chodabwitsa kuti zigawo zophatikizika zazinthu zopangira ma CD zimasiyanitsidwa wina ndi mnzake. Delamination pang'ono amawonekera ngati zotupa ngati mizere m'zigawo zopanikizidwa za choyikapo, ndipo mphamvu ya peeling imachepetsedwa, ndipo imatha kung'ambika pang'onopang'ono ndi dzanja. Pazovuta kwambiri, kusanjikiza kophatikizana kumapatulidwa pamalo akulu mutatha kuphika. Ngati delamination ichitika, kulimbikitsana kwamphamvu kwa zinthu zakuthupi pakati pa zigawo zophatikizika zazinthu zopakirako kumatha, ndipo mawonekedwe akuthupi ndi zotchinga zidzatsika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kukwaniritsa zofunikira za moyo wa alumali, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kutayika kwakukulu kubizinesi. .
3) Kutuluka pang'ono kwa mpweya nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo sikophweka kuzindikira pophika. Panthawi yozungulira ndi kusungirako zinthu, kuchuluka kwa vacuum kwa chinthu kumachepa ndipo mpweya wodziwikiratu umawonekera m'matumba. Choncho, vuto khalidwe nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuchuluka kwa mankhwala. mankhwala amakhudza kwambiri. Kuchitika kwa kutayikira kwa mpweya kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutsekeka kofooka kwa kutentha komanso kusakanizidwa bwino kwa thumba la retort.
4). Kununkhira pambuyo kuphika ndi vuto wamba khalidwe. Fungo lachilendo lomwe limawonekera mukatha kuphika limagwirizana ndi zotsalira za zosungunulira zambiri muzonyamula kapena kusankha zinthu molakwika. Ngati filimu ya PE ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosindikizira chamkati cha matumba ophikira otentha pamwamba pa 120 °, filimu ya PE imakhala yotentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, RCPP nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa ngati gawo lamkati lamatumba ophikira otentha kwambiri.
2. Njira zoyesera zamapangidwe amtundu wa ma CD osamva
Zomwe zimatsogolera kuzovuta zamapaketi osamva kubweza ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri monga zopangira zosanjikiza, zomatira, inki, kuwongolera ndi kupanga zikwama, ndi njira zobweza. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti katunduyo ali wabwino komanso nthawi ya alumali yazakudya, ndikofunikira kuyesa kukana kuphika pazinthu zonyamula.
Muyezo wadziko lonse womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamatumba osamva kubweza ndi GB/T10004-2008 "Filimu Yophatikizika Yapulasitiki Yopangira Packaging, Bag Dry Lamination, Extrusion Lamination", yozikidwa pa JIS Z 1707-1997 "General Principles of Plastic Films for Food Packaging" Zopangidwa kuti zisinthe GB/T 10004-1998 "Retort Restant Resistant Composite Films and Bags" ndi GB/T10005-1998 "Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene Film/Low Density Polyethylene Composite Mafilimu ndi Zikwama". GB/T 10004-2008 imaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakuthupi ndi zotsalira za zosungunulira zamakanema ndi matumba osamva zosungunulira, ndipo zimafuna kuti matumba onyamula osamva ayesedwe kuti ayese kukana kutentha kwapa media. Njirayi ndi yodzaza matumba onyamula osamva ndi 4% acetic acid, 1% sodium sulfide, 5% sodium kolorayidi ndi mafuta a masamba, kenako utsi ndi kusindikiza, kutentha ndi kukakamiza mumphika wophikira kwambiri pa 121 ° C. Mphindi 40, ndikuziziritsa pamene kupanikizika sikunasinthe. Kenako mawonekedwe ake, kulimba kwamphamvu, kutalika, kutulutsa mphamvu ndi mphamvu yosindikiza kutentha kumayesedwa, ndipo kuchepa kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuunika. Fomula yake ndi iyi:
R = (AB)/A×100
Mu chilinganizo, R ndiye mlingo wotsikirapo (%) wa zinthu zomwe zayesedwa, A ndiye mtengo wapakati wa zinthu zoyesedwa mayeso apakati asanathe; B ndiye mtengo wapakati wa zinthu zomwe zayesedwa pambuyo poyesa kupirira kutentha kwambiri. Zofunikira pakuchita ndi izi: "Pambuyo pa kuyesedwa kwamphamvu kwa dielectric resistance, zinthu zokhala ndi kutentha kwa 80 ° C kapena kupitilira apo siziyenera kukhala ndi delamination, kuwonongeka, kupindika koonekeratu mkati kapena kunja kwa thumba, komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu yopukutira, kukoka- kusiya mphamvu, kupsinjika mwadzina panthawi yopuma, ndi mphamvu yosindikiza kutentha. Mlingo uyenera kukhala ≤30%.
3. Kuyesa zakuthupi zamatumba onyamula osamva
Mayeso enieni pamakina amatha kuzindikira momwe ma CD amagwirira ntchito. Komabe, njirayi singowononga nthawi yokha, komanso imachepetsedwa ndi ndondomeko yopangira komanso kuchuluka kwa mayesero. Sizikuyenda bwino, zimawononga ndalama zambiri, komanso zimakwera mtengo. Kupyolera mu mayeso a retort kuti azindikire zinthu zakuthupi monga zolimbitsa thupi, mphamvu ya peel, mphamvu yosindikizira kutentha isanachitike komanso itatha kubweza, kukana kwa chikwama cha retort kumatha kuweruzidwa momveka bwino. Mayeso ophikira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya zomwe zili zenizeni komanso zida zofananira. Mayeso ophikira pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zili zenizeni amatha kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe zinthu ziliri pakupanga ndipo zitha kuteteza bwino ma CD osayenera kulowa mumzere wopanga m'magulu. Pamafakitale azinthu zonyamula katundu, zofananira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa kukana kwa zida zonyamula panthawi yopanga komanso musanasungidwe. Kuyesa kuphika kumakhala kothandiza komanso kothandiza. Wolembayo amayambitsa njira yoyesera yoyeserera ya matumba onyamula osamva kubweza powadzaza ndi zakumwa zofananira ndi chakudya kuchokera kwa opanga atatu osiyanasiyana ndikuyesa kuyesa kutenthetsa ndi kuwira motsatana. Njira yoyeserera ili motere:
1). Kuphika mayeso
Zida: Mphika wotetezeka komanso wanzeru wophikira wotentha kwambiri, HST-H3 yoyesa kutentha
Masitepe oyesera: Mosamala ikani 4% acetic acid mu thumba la retort mpaka magawo awiri mwa atatu a voliyumu. Samalani kuti musaipitse chisindikizocho, kuti musakhudze kuthamanga kwa kusindikiza. Mukadzaza, sindikizani matumba ophikira ndi HST-H3, ndipo konzekerani zitsanzo 12. Mukasindikiza, mpweya wa m'thumba uyenera kutheratu momwe zingathere kuti mpweya usatuluke panthawi yophika kuti usakhudze zotsatira za mayeso.
Ikani chitsanzo chosindikizidwa mumphika wophikira kuti muyambe kuyesa. Ikani kutentha kwa kuphika ku 121 ° C, nthawi yophika mpaka mphindi 40, nthunzi 6 zitsanzo, ndi wiritsani zitsanzo 6. Pakuyesa kuphika, tcherani khutu ku kusintha kwa mpweya ndi kutentha mumphika wophikira kuti mutsimikizire kuti kutentha ndi kupanikizika kumasungidwa mkati mwazomwe zilipo.
Pambuyo mayeso anamaliza, ozizira kwa firiji, kutulutsa ndi kuona ngati pali matumba osweka, makwinya, delamination, etc. Pambuyo mayeso pamwamba pa 1 # ndi 2 # zitsanzo anali yosalala pambuyo kuphika ndipo panalibe. delamination. Pamwamba pa 3# chitsanzo sichinali chosalala kwambiri mutatha kuphika, ndipo m'mphepete mwake munali okhotakhota mosiyanasiyana.
2). Kufananiza katundu wamanjenje
Tengani matumba ma CD isanayambe ndi itatha kuphika, kudula 5 amakona anayi zitsanzo za 15mm × 150mm mu njira yopingasa ndi 150mm mu malangizo kotenga nthawi, ndi chikhalidwe iwo kwa maola 4 mu chilengedwe cha 23 ± 2 ℃ ndi 50 ± 10% RH. The XLW (PC) wanzeru zamagetsi wamakokedwe makina kuyezetsa ntchito kuyesa mphamvu yosweka ndi elongation pa yopuma pansi chikhalidwe cha 200mm/min.
3). Peel test
Malinga ndi njira A ya GB 8808-1988 "Njira Yoyesera ya Peel ya Zida Zapulasitiki Zofewa", dulani chitsanzo ndi m'lifupi mwake 15±0.1mm ndi kutalika kwa 150mm. Tengani zitsanzo 5 iliyonse munjira yopingasa komanso yoyima. Peelni wosanjikiza wopangidwa motsatira kutalika kwachitsanzocho, ndikuchiyika mu XLW (PC) yanzeru yamakina oyesera amagetsi amagetsi, ndikuyesa mphamvu yopukutira pa 300mm/min.
4). Kutentha kusindikiza mphamvu kuyesa
Malinga ndi GB/T 2358-1998 "Njira Yoyesera ya Mphamvu Yosindikizira Kutentha kwa Matumba a Plastic Film Packaging", dulani sampuli yayikulu ya 15mm pagawo losindikiza kutentha kwachitsanzocho, tsegulani pa 180 °, ndikumangirira malekezero onse a chitsanzocho. XLW (PC) wanzeru Pa makina oyesera amagetsi, katundu wambiri amayesedwa pa liwiro la 300mm/min, ndi kutsika kumawerengeredwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya dielectric yokana kutentha kwambiri mu GB/T 10004-2008.
Fotokozerani mwachidule
Zakudya za m'matumba zosamva kubweza zimakondedwa kwambiri ndi ogula chifukwa chosavuta kudya ndi kusunga. Pofuna kusunga bwino zomwe zili mkatimo ndikuletsa chakudya kuti chisawonongeke, sitepe iliyonse ya ndondomeko yopangira thumba la retort kutentha iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa bwino.
1. Matumba ophikira otsika kutentha ayenera kupangidwa ndi zipangizo zoyenera kutengera zomwe zili ndi kupanga. Mwachitsanzo, CPP nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa ngati chosindikizira chamkati chamatumba ophikira osatentha kwambiri; pamene matumba olongedza omwe ali ndi zigawo za AL amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika asidi ndi zamchere, gawo la PA liyenera kuwonjezeredwa pakati pa AL ndi CPP kuti liwonjezere kukana kwa asidi ndi alkali permeability; gulu lililonse wosanjikiza Kutentha kwa kutentha kuyenera kukhala kofanana kapena kofanana kuti tipewe kupotoza kapena kusokoneza zinthu pambuyo pophika chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi kutentha kwa kutentha.
2. Yang'anirani moyenerera ndondomeko yamagulu. Matumba osamva kutentha kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira youma yophatikizira. Popanga filimu yobwezeretsanso, ndikofunikira kusankha zomatira zoyenera komanso njira yabwino yolumikizira, ndikuwongolera moyenera machiritso kuti zitsimikizire kuti wogwiritsa ntchito wamkulu wa zomatira ndi wochiritsa amachitira mokwanira.
3. Kukaniza kwapakatikati kwapang'onopang'ono ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yopangira ma matumba a retort kutentha kwambiri. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuyambika kwa mavuto amtundu wa batch, matumba otsika kwambiri amayenera kuyesedwa mobwerezabwereza ndikuwunikiridwa potengera momwe zinthu ziliri pakupanga musanagwiritse ntchito komanso panthawi yopanga. Yang'anani ngati mawonekedwe a phukusi mukamaphika ndi lathyathyathya, makwinya, matuza, opunduka, ngati pali delamination kapena kutayikira, ngati kuchepa kwa zinthu zakuthupi (zolimbitsa thupi, mphamvu ya peel, mphamvu yosindikiza kutentha) kumakwaniritsa zofunikira, ndi zina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-18-2024
